{"id":182,"date":"2019-07-31T16:23:05","date_gmt":"2019-07-31T13:23:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology3\/?page_id=182"},"modified":"2019-07-31T17:30:17","modified_gmt":"2019-07-31T14:30:17","slug":"%ce%b1%ce%bb%ce%ad%ce%be%ce%b1%ce%bd%ce%b4%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%82-%ce%bd%ce%b5%ce%ba%cf%84%ce%ac%cf%81%ce%b9%ce%bf%cf%82-%ce%b2%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%b9%ce%bb%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bf%cf%85-%ce%b4%ce%b1%ce%bc%ce%b2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology3\/?page_id=182&lang=el","title":{"rendered":"\u0391\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u039d\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5-\u0394\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p style=\"text-align:center\"><strong>\u0394\u03c1. \u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 &amp; \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 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\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1\n\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9,\n\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1 (Adock 1963\u2219 Cartledge 2002\u2219 Cartledge 2011\u2219 Conor 1984\u2219 Dover 1973\u2219 Finley 2006\u2219 Hornblower 1987\u2219 Judd 1967\u2219 Kagan 2011\u2219 M\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 2003\u2219 Romilly 1991\u2219 Romilly 2000\u2219 Rowe 2000). \u039f \u0395\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03ae\u03bb \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\n\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2\n\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c2 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2. \u039f \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\n(\u03ba\u03b7\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03cc \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2\n\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 (Hondt 1994\u2219 K\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 1993\u2219 Lefebvre 2010\u2219 Windelband &amp; Heimsoeth 2005).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd\n\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 a priori \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\n\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u039b\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5,\n\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u03ac\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03b7\u03c2\n(evolution) \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1. \u0395\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\n\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\n\u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b7, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\n\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03ac\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\n\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac (Akrivoulis 2015\u2219 A\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2\n2010\u2219 2010\u2219 Arendt 2008\u2219 Arndt 2006\u2219 Cassirer 2001\u2219 Cavalar 2012\u2219 Hornblower 2005\u2219 Kleingeld 1995\u2219 \u039aant 2011\u2219 \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4 1984\u2219 \u039aant 1992\u2219 \u039a\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4 1971\u2219 \u039aant 2004\u2219 \u039aant 2013\u2219 \u039aant 2012\u2219 \u039aant 1982\u2219 \u039aant 1988\u2219 \u039aant 1996\u2219 \u039aant 1992\u2219 \u039aant 2011\u2219 Kant 2006\u2219 Kleingeld 1995\u2219 K\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 1997\u2219 Vleeschawer \u03c3\u03c3. 19-98\u2219 Walsh 1994\u2219\n\u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1970\u2219 \u03a0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 1998\u2219 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.philosophy.msu.edu\/people\/faculty\/frederick-rauscher\/\">Rauscher<\/a> 2016\u2219 Rohlf 2014\u2219 \u03a3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 2012\u2219 \u03a3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2\n2004, 40-58\u2219 Wilkins 1966\u2219 Williams1983\u2219 Walker 2003\u2219 Windelband &amp; Heimsoeth 2005). \u039f \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4, \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\n\u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u0384 \u03a0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a8\u03c5\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc, \u03bd\u03b1\n\u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bd\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\n\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf \u03c3\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7\n\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bf \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2\n\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ce\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c6\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd,\n\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u0395 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0398\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03c5\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b7, \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5\n\u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\n\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03ad\u03c2. \u0395\u03c0\u03af \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\n\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1, \u03ac\u03c1\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\n\u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\n\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\n\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2\n\u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (Adock 1963\u2219 \u0392otsford &amp; Robinson, 2008\u2219 Cartledge 2002\u2219 Clark 1993\u2219 Conor 1984\u2219 Doyle 1990\u2219 Finley 2006\u2219 Hornblower 1987\u2219 Judd 1967\u2219 Lebow 1991\u2219 M\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 2003\u2219 Romilly 1991\u2219 Romilly 2000\u2219 Romilly 1988\u2219 Sinclair 1951\u2219 Westlake 1989\u2219 Wilcken 1976\u2219 Zagorin, Perez, <em>Thucydides<\/em><em>: <\/em><em>an<\/em><em> <\/em><em>Introduction<\/em><em> <\/em><em>for<\/em><em> <\/em><em>the<\/em><em> <\/em><em>Common<\/em><em> <\/em><em>Reader<\/em>. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton 2005). \u039f \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\n\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2\n\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 (A\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 2010\u2219 2010\u2219 Arendt 2008\u2219 Arndt 2006\u2219 Cavalar 2012\u2219 Kleingeld 1995\u2219 \u039aant 2011\u2219 \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4 1984\u2219 \u039aant 1992\u2219 \u039a\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4 1971\u2219 \u039aant 2004\u2219 \u039aant 2013\u2219 \u039aant 2012\u2219 \u039aant 1982\u2219 \u039aant 1988\u2219 \u039aant 1996\u2219 \u039aant 1992\u2219 \u039aant 2011\u2219 Kant 2006\u2219 Kleingeld 1995\u2219 K\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 1997\u2219 K\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 2007\u2219 Vleeschawer \u03c3\u03c3. 19-98\u2219 Walsh 1994\u2219 Vleeschawer \u03c3\u03c3. 19-98\u2219 Walsh 1994\u2219 \u039ccCloughan 2003\u2219 Nisbet &amp; Reiss 1970\u2219 \u039d\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b6 2000\u2219 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 2005, \u03c3. 67-72\u2219 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1970\u2219\n\u03a0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 1998\u2219 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.philosophy.msu.edu\/people\/faculty\/frederick-rauscher\/\">Rauscher<\/a> 2016\u2219 Rohlf 2014\u2219 \u03a3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 2012\u2219 \u03a3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2\n2004, 40-58\u2219 Wilkins 1966\u2219 Williams1983\u2219 Walker 2003\u2219 Windelband &amp; Heimsoeth 2005). \u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1\n\u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2\n\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd\n\u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf &#8220;\u03c6\u03c9\u03c2&#8221; \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\n\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03ae \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\n\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03cc \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thucydides in his history, with the outline and anatomy of human nature, as\nwell as with his exploratory look at the history of human political societies,\ncreates a timeless circular form of interpretation, which benefits the reader\nat any time in the understanding and interpretation of human nature and\nhistory, depending on the historical circumstances, which come, go and come\nback, producing factories of a similar nature (Adock 1963\u2219 Cartledge 2002\u2219 Cartledge 2011\u2219\nConor 1984\u2219 Dover 1973\u2219 Finley 2006\u2219 Hornblower 1987\u2219 Judd 1967\u2219 Kagan 2011\u2219\nM\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 2003\u2219 Romilly 1991\u2219 Romilly 2000\u2219 Rowe 2000). \u0399mmanuel Kant, in his turn, professes the belief in an\ninterpretative shape of the upward course of human history, although within it\nare outlined smaller shapes of a cycle of improvement and deterioration (whose\nconstituent is upward in the wake of nature). The philosopher of the\nEnlightenment, through his writings, continues to preach faith in the right\nreason and the ability to understand history as evolutionary on the human moral\ncourse\n(A\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 2010\u2219 2010\u2219 Arendt\n2008\u2219 Arndt 2006\u2219 Cavalar 2012\u2219 Kleingeld 1995\u2219 \u039aant 2011\u2219 \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4 1984\u2219 \u039aant 1992\u2219 \u039a\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\n1971\u2219 \u039aant 2004\u2219 \u039aant 2013\u2219\n\u039aant 2012\u2219 \u039aant\n1982\u2219 \u039aant 1988\u2219 \u039aant 1996\u2219 \u039aant 1992\u2219\n\u039aant 2011\u2219 Kant 2006\u2219 Kleingeld 1995\u2219 K\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 2007\u2219 Vleeschawer 1987,\n19-98\u2219 Walsh 1994).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thucydides&#8217; humanist, social and political thought,\naddressed to every future reader, with its admirable anatomy in human nature\nand particularly in psychology and morality, continues to teach the upcoming\ngenerations, after twenty-five centuries. On the basis of the assumption that\nhuman nature, in its natural processes, remains the same, so that in human\nhistory the same virtues and passions are manifested, with the consequent\nresults, its work continues to be an important manual of knowledge of humanitarian\nand social sciences, but also a valuable guide to politics and international\nrelations. Kant, in today&#8217;s political conditions, which are also unfavorable,\nas in the Peloponnesian war, for different reasons and in the context of\nglobalization, is timely in the field of ethics and politics. With his\nphilosophical reflection in history he comes to illuminate the mind and the\nthought of those of the political rulers and citizens of modern states who have\nan open mind to leave their thoughts to accept this &#8220;light&#8221; of his\nideas unprejudiciously, away from economic, geopolitical and energy or other\ninterests, with always the right reason, the basic methodological tool of the\nEnlightenment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0392\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1\n\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0398\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03c5\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 &amp; \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Adock, F.E., <em>Thucidides and his History<\/em>, Oxford 1963.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0392otsford, G. W. &amp; Robinson, C. A., \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u039c\u0399\u0395\u03a4, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cartledge, P., <em>\u0397 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7\n\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b7<\/em>, \u039b\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cartledge, P.\n(\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc.), <em>The Cambridge Illustrated\nHistory of Ancient Greece<\/em>, Cambridge 2002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u039a.\n\u0394., <em>\u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/em>,\n\u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2007.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Connor, W.\nRobert,&nbsp;<em>Thucydides<\/em>, Princeton University Press, Princeton\n1984.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dover, K.J., <em>Thucidides<\/em>,\nOxford 1973.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Doyle, M.,\n\u201cThucididean Realism\u201d, <em>Review of\nInternational Studies<\/em>, 16 (July 1990), 223-237.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Finley John H, <em>\u0398\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03c5\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2<\/em>, \u03bc\u03c4\u03c6\u03c1.&nbsp;\u03a4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03cc\u03c2, \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\n2006. (\u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4.&nbsp;<em>Thucydides<\/em>, Oxford University Press,\nOxford 1942)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hornblower, S.,\n<em>\u039f<\/em><em> <\/em><em>\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2<\/em><em> <\/em><em>\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2<\/em><em> 479-323 <\/em><em>\u03c0<\/em><em>.<\/em><em>\u03a7<\/em><em>.,<\/em> \u039f\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03c3\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2,\n\u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2005.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hornblower, S., <em>\u0398\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03c5\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\n\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5<\/em>, \u03bc\u03c4\u03c6\u03c1. \u0391. \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7, \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u0391. \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2,\n\u03a4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03b8\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2003 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Judd, P.,\n\u201cThucidides and the Study of War\u201d, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf: Cordier, A.W. (ed.), <em>Columbia Essays in International Affairs<\/em>,\nColumbia Univ. Press, NY 1967.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kagan, D., <em>\u0398\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03c5\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2<\/em>, \u03a9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b1, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\n2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lebow, R. N.,\n\u201cThucydides, Power, Transition Theory and the Causes of the War\u201d, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf: Lebow,\nR.N. &amp; Srauss, B., <em>Hegemonic Rivalry\nfrom Thucydides to the Nuclear Age<\/em>, Westview Press 1991.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2,\n\u0393., <em>\u0398\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03c5\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2<\/em>, Gutenberg, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Romilly,&nbsp;Jacqueline De,<em> \u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\n\u039b\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0398\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03c5\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b7<\/em>, \u03bc\u03c4\u03c6\u03c1. \u0395\u03bb\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u0399. \u039a\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae (\u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4.&nbsp;<em>Histoire\net Raison chez Thucydide<\/em>, Paris 1967), \u039c\u0399\u0395\u03a4, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1991.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Romilly,&nbsp;Jacqueline\nDe, <em>\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/em>,\n\u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03c4\u03c3\u03b1, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1988.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Romilly, J. de,<em> \u039f \u0398\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03c5\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\n\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b9\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2. <\/em>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Romilly, J. de., <em>\u0397 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\n\u0398\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03c5\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b7<\/em>, \u03bc\u03c4\u03c6\u03c1. \u03a3. \u0392\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2, \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1994 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rowe, C.J. &amp; Schofield, M. (\u03b5\u03c0.), <em>\u03a4he Cambridge History of Greek\n&amp; Roman Political Thought<\/em>, Cambridge 2000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sinclair, T.A.,\n<em>History of Greek Political Thought<\/em>,\nLondon 1951.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Westlake, H.D.,\n<em>Studies<\/em> <em>in Thucidides and Greek History<\/em>, Cambridge 1989.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wilcken, U., <em>\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/em>,\n\u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b6\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1976.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zagorin,_Perez\">Zagorin, Perez<\/a>, <em>Thucydides:\nan Introduction for the Common Reader<\/em>. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton 2005. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0392\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1\n\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4 &amp; \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Akrivoulis, D.\nE. \u00abThucydides and Kant as limit ideas: a hermeneutic re-appropriation\u00bb, <em>Essays\nin honor of Professor Dr. G\u00e1sp\u00e1r B\u00edr\u00f3, ed. Z. Milovanovic and I., Dodovski,<\/em> University American College Skopje 2015.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"file:\/\/\/C:\\Users\\Katerina\\Downloads\\www.academia.edu\\19882298\\Akrivoulis_DE._Thucydides_and_Kant_as_limit_ideas_a_hermeneutic_re-appropriation\">www.academia.edu\/19882298\/Akrivoulis_DE._Thucydides_and_Kant_as_limit_ideas_a_hermeneutic_re-appropriation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2,\n\u039a\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2,&nbsp;<em>\u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u0397\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae. \u0398\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2<\/em>, \u0399\u03b4\u03b5\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2010.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Arendt, Hannah,&nbsp;<em>\u0397 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4<\/em>, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03c1. \u0392\u03b1\u03c2. \u03a1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2,\n\u039d\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Arndt, \u0391ndreas, \u00ab\u0391\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7\n\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\u00bb, <em>\u0391\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/em>, \u03c4. 15,\n\u039c\u03ac\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 2006, 103-115.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cassirer, Ernst,&nbsp;<em>\u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03c3\u03ce<\/em>, (\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7: \u0393\u03b5\u03c1. \u039b\u03c5\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5),\n\u0388\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2001.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cavalar, G.,\n\u201cCosmopolitanisms in Kant&#8217;s philosophy\u201d, <em>Ethics\n&amp; Global Politics,<\/em> 5: 2, 2012, 95-118.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Hondt, Jacques d&#8217;, \u00ab\u039f \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7\n\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u00bb,&nbsp;<em>\u039f\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1<\/em>, 12 (1994), 81-92.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039aant, \u0399mmanuel, <em>\u039a\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5<\/em>, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4. \u039a\u03c9\u03bd. \u0391\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2, \u0395\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\n2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4, \u0399\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb<em>, \u03a4\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b7\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd<\/em>.. \u03a4\u03b6\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2, \u0394\u03c9\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd\u03b7, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1984.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039aant, \u0399mmanuel, <em>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b7<\/em>, \u03bc\u03c4\u03c6\u03c1. \u0391. \u03a0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03b3\u03b1, \u0391\u03bb\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1992.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039a\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4, \u0399\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb, <em>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1<\/em>, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1. \u0395\u03c5\u03ac\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2,\n\u0394\u03c9\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd\u03b7, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1971.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039aant, \u0399mmanuel, <em>\u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03a3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd<\/em>, \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae-\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4. \u0398. \u0393\u03ba\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2,\n\u03a3\u03b1\u03b2\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03c2 \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039aant, \u0399mmanuel, <em>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b7\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd<\/em>, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4.-\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc. \u039a\u03c9\u03bd.\n\u0391\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2, \u03a3\u03bc\u03af\u03bb\u03b7, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2013.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039aant, \u0399mmanuel, <em>\u03a4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/em>, \u03bc\u03c4\u03c6\u03c1. \u0393.\n\u03a0\u03af\u03c3\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u039d\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2012<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039aant, \u0399mmanuel, <em>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/em>,\n\u0399.\u03a4\u03b6\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2, \u0394\u03c9\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd\u03b7, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1-\u0393\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 1982.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039aant, \u0399mmanuel, <em>\u0397 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/em>, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03c1. \u03a3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u0393\u03ba\u03bf\u03b2\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1988.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039aant, \u0399mmanuel, <em>\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u00ab\u039a\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2\n\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2<\/em>\u00bb, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03c1. \u03a0. \u039c\u03b5\u03ca\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7, \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u039a. \u03a8\u03c5\u03c7\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1996.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039aant, \u0399mmanuel,&nbsp;<em>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b7<\/em>., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03c1.-\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u0386\u03bd\u03bd\u03b1\n\u03a0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b1, \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2-\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc. \u039b\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u0391\u03bb\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1992.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039aant, \u0399mmanuel, <em>\u0391\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\n\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7<\/em>, \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3.-\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4.-\u03c3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bb. \u03a7. \u03a4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ac\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2, Printa, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kant, Immanuel, <em>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b7: \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1. \u0397 \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\n\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2: \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 200 \u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd<\/em>, \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\n\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 J. Habermas, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1. \u039a\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd. \u03a3\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5, \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kleingeld, Pauline,&nbsp;<em>Fortschritt und\nVernunft: Zur Geschichtsphilosophie Kants<\/em>, Koenigshausen &amp; \u039deumann, Wuerzburg 1995.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039a\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u03a0., <em>\u039f \u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2\n\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2<\/em>, \u03c4. \u0391\u0384 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0392\u0384, \u0398\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1993.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u0397.,\n<em>\u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\n\u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2<\/em>, \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b6\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1997.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039a\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2, \u0391. \u0391., <em>\u0397 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u00ab\u0391\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\n\u0395\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b7\u00bb \u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd<\/em>, \u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb.\n\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c7., \u0391\u03a0\u0398, \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 2007. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lefebvre, Georges, <em>H<\/em><em> <\/em><em>\u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/em>,\n\u039c\u0399\u0395\u03a4, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2010. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039ccCloughan, M.\nJ. B., <em>Kant\u2019s Theory of Progress<\/em>,\nUniversity of London, London 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Miller, Stuart T., <em>\u039d\u03b5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae \u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/em>, Gutenberg, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nisbet, H.B.,\nReiss, H. (\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc.), <em>Kant: Political Writings<\/em>,\nCambridge 1970.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039d\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b6, \u0396\u03b9\u03bb,&nbsp;<em>\u0397 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4. \u0397 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/em>, \u0395\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5,\n\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u00ab\u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Kant\u00bb, <em>\u03a3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u0398\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/em> \u03c4. 27, \u03b1\u03c1. 91,\n2005, \u03c3. 67-72.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2, \u0395.\n\u03a0., <em>\u0397\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/em>, \u038a\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, 3<sup>\u03b7<\/sup>\n\u03ad\u03ba\u03b4., \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1970.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u0398., <em>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/em>, \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\n\u0393\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1998.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.philosophy.msu.edu\/people\/faculty\/frederick-rauscher\/\">Rauscher<\/a>, Fr., Kant&#8217;s Social and\nPolitical Philosophy, <a href=\"http:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/index.html\"><em>Stanford Encyclopedia of\nPhilosophy<\/em><\/a> 2016. <a href=\"http:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/kant-social-political\/\">http:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/kant-social-political\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rohlf, Michael, &#8220;Immanuel\nKant&#8221;,&nbsp;<em>The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy&nbsp;<\/em>(Summer\n2014 Edition), Ed. N. Zalta&nbsp;(ed.), http:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/archives\/sum2014\/entries\/kant\/&gt;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2,\n\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, <em>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2\n\u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/em>, \u039d\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2,\n\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u00ab\u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae; \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\n\u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u00bb,&nbsp;<em>\u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b5\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/em>, 21\/61 (2004),\n40-58.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wilkins, Taylor\nBurleigh, \u201cTeleology in Kant&#8217;s Philosophy of History\u201d, <em>History and Theory<\/em>, \u03c4. 5, 2 (1966), Wesleyan University \u03c3. 172-185\nhttps:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/2504513<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Williams,\nHoward, <em>Kant\u2019s\nPolitical Philosophy<\/em>,\nOxford, 1983.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vleeschawer,\nHerman Jean, de, \u00abImmanuel Kant\u00bb \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf: \u03a3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc,&nbsp;<em>Encyclopedie de la\nPleiade. <\/em><em>\u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/em>, \u03c4\u03cc\u03bc. \u0391,\n\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03c1.\u039a\u03c5\u03c1. \u03a3. \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7, \u039c.\u0399.\u0395.\u03a4. \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1987, \u03c3\u03c3. 19-98.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Walker, R..,&nbsp;<em>\u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4: \u039f \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2<\/em>, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4. \u039b.\n\u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5, \u0395\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Walsh, W. H., <em>\u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/em>, \u039c\u0399\u0395\u03a4, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1994.\n\nWindelband, W., H. Heimsoeth, <em>\u0395\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/em>,\n\u039c\u0399\u0395\u03a4, A\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2005.\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0394\u03c1. \u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 &amp; \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03c1\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 alexandrosdamvergis@yahoo.com \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0398\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03c5\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bc\u03bc. \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4 \u03a0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u0398\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03c5\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2; \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-182","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/PaHFmL-2W","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology3\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/182","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology3\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology3\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology3\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology3\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=182"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology3\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/182\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":183,"href":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology3\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/182\/revisions\/183"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology3\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=182"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}