{"id":451,"date":"2017-09-06T12:54:29","date_gmt":"2017-09-06T12:54:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology2\/?page_id=451"},"modified":"2017-10-26T11:00:22","modified_gmt":"2017-10-26T11:00:22","slug":"%ce%b5%ce%b9%cf%83%ce%ae%ce%b3%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%ac%ce%ba%ce%b7-%ce%bc%ce%b1%cf%81%ce%af%ce%b1%cf%82-%ce%b1%ce%bb%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%bd%ce%bf%cf%8d-%ce%b1%ce%bd%cf%84%ce%b9","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology2\/?page_id=451","title":{"rendered":"\u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u0391\u03bb\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b6\u03bf\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 &#8211; \u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf Down: \u039c\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0394\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u0391\u03bb\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7, \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b6\u03bf\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u03a4\u0395\u0399 \u0397\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5, \u03a4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u039b\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"mailto:martzoukoumaria@yahoo.gr\">martzoukoumaria@yahoo.gr<\/a><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/9h-APbcbdAs\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><br \/>\n\u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf Down \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ae, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 21 \u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 21<sup>\u03bf<\/sup> \u03b6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b3\u03b9\u2019 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 21 (Biwi 2012). \u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03bf\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf, \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u2019 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (Brill 2006).<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03c4\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2: (1) \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf Down \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 (2) \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf Down \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc, \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c2: \u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03b4\u03af\u03b1, \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1, \u03bb\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf, \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 (Berglund et al. 2001, Roberts et al. 2005, Price et al. 2008, Kent &amp; Vorperian 2013). \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf (Byrne et al. 2002).<\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2, \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf Down \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03af\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 (Verucci et al. 2006). \u0395\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2, \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bb\u03b7\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf Down \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd (Aparicio &amp; Balana 2002). \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf Down \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2. \u0395\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 (Sokotko &amp; Tenenbaum 2016). \u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0392\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd (Vilaseca &amp; Rio 2004).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ae\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd (Hodson &amp; Paden 1991, Cholmain 1994).<\/li>\n<li>\u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd (Fey et al. 2006).<\/li>\n<li>\u039f\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 (Burgoyne et al. 2012, Lecas et al. 2011, Sepulveda et al. 2013).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bb\u03c6\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03be\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (Baylis et al. 2011).<\/li>\n<li>\u03a3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd (Stearns 2003).<\/li>\n<li>\u039c\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03c6\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 (Troncoso &amp; Del Cerro 1998, Shah 2011).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u0392\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Baylis, P., &amp; Snowling, M.J. (2011). Evaluation of a phonological reading programme for children with Down syndrome. <em>Child Language Teaching and Therapy, 28(1),<\/em> 39\u201356.<\/p>\n<p>Burgoyne, K., Duff ,F.J., Clarke, P. J., Buckley, S., Snowling, M. J., &amp; Hulme, C. (2012). Efficacy of a reading and language intervention for children with down syndrome. A randomized controlled trial. <em>Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry<\/em>, 53(10), 1044\u20131053.<\/p>\n<p>Cholmain, C.N. (1994) Working on phonology with young children with Down syndrome.\u00a0<em>Journal of Clinical Speech and Language Studies<\/em>, 1, 14-35.<\/p>\n<p>Fey, E. T. (2006). Early Effects of Responsivity Education\/Prelinguistic Milieu Teaching for Children With Developmental Delays and Their Parents. <em>Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research,<\/em> 49, 526\u2013547.<\/p>\n<p>Hodson, B.W., &amp; Paden, E. P. (1991). <em>Targeting intelligible speech: A phonological approach to remediation, 2nd Ed.<\/em>\u00a0Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.<\/p>\n<p>Shah, N. (2011). Special education pupils find learning tool in iPad applications. <em>Education Week<\/em>, 30(22), 1\u201316.<\/p>\n<p>Stearns, C. (2003). <em>Writing activities for Children with Down Syndrome. Social Sciences Courses,<\/em> \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 15 \u0399\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, 2017 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc: <a href=\"http:\/\/study.com\/academy\/lesson\/writing-activities-for-students-with-down-syndrome.html\">http:\/\/study.com\/academy\/lesson\/writing-activities-for-students-with-down-syndrome.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Troncoso, M. V., &amp; Del Cerro, M. M. (1998). S\u00edndrome de Down: Lectura y escritura. Fundaci\u00f3n Iberoamericana Down21.<\/p>\n<p>Vilaseca, R.M., &amp; Del Rio, M.J. (2004). Language acquisition by children with Down syndrome: a naturalistic approach to assisting language acquisition. <em>Child Language Teaching and Therapy<\/em>, 20(2), 163-180.<\/p>\n<p>Biwi, M. (2012). <em>Down Syndrome facts. A guide for parents and professionals<\/em>. United Kingdom, UK: AA Global sourcing Ltd.<\/p>\n<p>Brill, T.M. (2006). <em>Down Syndrome<\/em>. New York, NY: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark.<\/p>\n<p>Lecas, J.F., Mazaud, A.M., &amp; Reiber, E.(2011). Using visual strategies to support verbal comprehension in an adolescent with Down Syndrome. <em>Child Language Teaching and Therapy<\/em>, 27(1), 84-96.<\/p>\n<p>Skotko, B. G., &amp; Tenenbaum, A. (2016). Down Syndrome. \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf <em>Health Care for People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities across the Lifespan<\/em> (\u03c3\u03c3. 739-750). Springer International Publishing.<\/p>\n<p>Verucci, L., Menghini, D., &amp; Vicari, S. (2006). Reading skills and phonological awareness acquisition in Down syndrome<em>. Journal of Intellectual Disability<\/em>, 50(7), 477\u2013491.<\/p>\n<p>Byrne, A., MacDonald, J., &amp; Buckley, S. (2002). Reading, language, and memory skills: A comparative longitudinal study of children with Down syndrome and their mainstream peers. <em>British Journal of Educational Psychology<\/em>, 72(4), 513\u2013529.<\/p>\n<p>Berglund, E., Eriksson, M., &amp; Johansson, I. (2001). Parental reports of spoken language skills in children with Down syndrome. <em>Journal of Speech,<\/em> <em>Language and Hearing,<\/em> 44, 179\u2013191.<\/p>\n<p>Roberts, J.E., Long, S.H., &amp; Malkin, C. (2005). A comparison of phonological skills of boys with fragile X syndrome and Down syndrome<em>. Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing,<\/em> 48(5), 980\u2013995.<\/p>\n<p>Kent, R.D. &amp; Vorperian, H. K. (2013). Speech Impairment in Down Syndrome: A Review. <em>Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research<\/em>, 56 (1), 178\u2013210.<\/p>\n<p>Aparicio MTS, Balana JM. (2002) Early language stimulation of Down syndrome babies: A study on the optimum age to begin. <em>Early Child Development &amp; Care, <\/em>172, 651\u2013656.<\/p>\n<p>Price, J.R., Roberts, J.E., Hennon, E.A., Berni, M.C., Anderson, K.L., &amp; Sideris, J. (2008). Syntactic complexity during conversation of boys with fragile X syndrome and\u00a0 Down syndrome. <em>American Journal on Mental Retardation<\/em>, 51(1), 3-15.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u0391\u03bb\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7, \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b6\u03bf\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03a4\u0395\u0399 \u0397\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5, \u03a4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u039b\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 martzoukoumaria@yahoo.gr \u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf Down \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ae, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 21 \u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5<span class=\"excerpt-ellipsis\">&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology2\/?page_id=451\" itemprop=\"url\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-451","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/P8wizZ-7h","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology2\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/451","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology2\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology2\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology2\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology2\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=451"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology2\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/451\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":709,"href":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology2\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/451\/revisions\/709"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/synathena.gr\/epistemology2\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=451"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}